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PROSTATE CANCER Most common male cancer in Kenya

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The prostate gland is found only in men. It is usually the size of a small tangerine and is located between the bladder and the penis and surrounds the urethra. It grows bigger with age.

Prostate cancer develops when the cells in the prostate gland start to develop uncontrollably. It is the most common male cancer in Kenya. Quite often, prostate cancer is slow growing.

The symptoms of benign enlargement of the prostate (age related, non-cancerous) and of prostate cancer are similar and include:

Passing urine more frequently, particularly in the night time
Difficulty in starting to pass urine
Difficulty in stopping to pass urine
Sensation of not emptying the bladder fully.
Less commonly, pain when passing urine or ejaculating and blood in urine or semen.

Unfortunately, some men have a more aggressive form of prostate cancer and in such cases; the initial presentation may be of the prostate cancer having spread to the bones with symptoms of persistent and worsening pain in the bones.

The causes of prostate cancer are largely unknown, there are, however, certain risk factors that increase ones likelihood of developing the disease. These include:

Ethnicity – Being of African descent increases your risk of prostate cancer. Men from the Far East are less likely to develop prostate cancer.
Age – Prostate cancer typically affects men over the age of 50 and the risk increases with age. Men under 50 can get it but this is not common.
Family history – You are 2.5 times more likely to get prostate cancer if your father or brother has had the disease compared to a man who has had no relatives with a diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Genetics – Having a close relative who has developed breast cancer at an age younger than 60, particularly related to BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene also increases your risk.
Obesity, diet and exercise – There are ongoing studies researching the link between prostate cancer and these risk factors. Studies suggest you may be at a higher risk of a more aggressive form of prostate cancer if you are obese.

There are no known ways of preventing prostate cancer; indeed, from the list above, you can deduce that none of the major risk factors are modifiable – one cannot, for instance, change their ethnicity, age, or family history.

As well as regular exercise being good for your well being, there is some evidence that it can also reduce your risk of advanced and/ or aggressive prostate cancer.

There isn’t enough evidence presently to say whether certain foods increase or decrease your risk of prostate cancer. Of course, a healthy diet improves your general well being and can help prevent other serious illnesses.

The diagnosis of prostate cancer is made with the aid of history taking, physical examination including digital rectal exam, PSA testing, biopsy and further tests which would include MRI pelvis and isotope bone scan.

There are different treatment options for prostate cancer and they depend upon the grade and stage of the disease, fitness and wishes of the patient.

For cancer that has already spread outside the prostate area options include chemotherapy as well as newer targeted agents such as Arbiraterone and Enzalutamide. For bone pain, bisphosphonates, Radium 222, and radiotherapy to painful sites are used.

By Dr Angela Waweru Resident Oncologist NAIROBI HOSPITAL

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Cover Story

Elizabeth Nzisa: The Firstborn Who Became a Mother Overnight

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While most teenagers spend their days focused on school, friendships, and dreams for the future, Elizabeth Nzisa, fondly known as Shiku, was forced to grow up much faster than she ever imagined. At only 17 years old, she found herself taking on the role of a mother to her three younger siblings after her family was hit by tragedy not once, but twice.

Her story, shared in an emotional interview, is a powerful reflection of strength, sacrifice and the deep bond between siblings. Elizabeth recalls the moment her life changed completely. Her mother died while giving birth to their youngest sibling, a baby boy. In the middle of that painful loss, their father walked away from the family, leaving Elizabeth alone with a newborn and two other young children to care for.

Mama yetu alipass 2024, Feb. Alipass akipata haka katoto kadogo. Dad naye akatuacha akaenda

 

Becoming a Mother Too Soon

She explains that she had no choice but to step up and become the parent in the house. She raised her youngest brother from the day he was born, and to this day he calls her mum, not knowing she is actually his big sister. That detail alone shows how much responsibility she carried at such a young age. She became the provider, the protector, the caregiver, and the emotional support for her siblings while she was still trying to understand life herself. With little help from relatives, Elizabeth had to find ways to survive, balancing school when she could, doing small jobs and making sure her siblings were fed, safe and loved.

The journey was not easy. She faced financial struggles, emotional exhaustion, and the pressure of trying to stay strong even when she felt overwhelmed. There were moments when she doubted herself and wondered if she was doing enough. Still, her story is not about defeat. It is about endurance. Elizabeth talks about finding strength through faith, support from the people around her, and the determination to keep her family together no matter how hard things became.

Over the years, she made sure her siblings stayed in school, had food on the table, and grew up feeling loved despite everything they had lost. What could have been a completely broken home became a family held together by her sacrifice and commitment.

Many viewers reacted emotionally, saying the story moved them to tears. Some described firstborn daughters as second mothers, while others said her life shows the kind of courage people rarely see but should never forget.

 

Click here to read our March issue 2026

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Cover Story

Elizabeth Nzisa: The Firstborn Who Became a Mother Overnight

Published

on

While most teenagers spend their days focused on school, friendships, and dreams for the future, Elizabeth Nzisa, fondly known as Shiku, was forced to grow up much faster than she ever imagined. At only 17 years old, she found herself taking on the role of a mother to her three younger siblings after her family was hit by tragedy not once, but twice.

Her story, shared in an emotional interview, is a powerful reflection of strength, sacrifice and the deep bond between siblings. Elizabeth recalls the moment her life changed completely. Her mother died while giving birth to their youngest sibling, a baby boy. In the middle of that painful loss, their father walked away from the family, leaving Elizabeth alone with a newborn and two other young children to care for.

Mama yetu alipass 2024, Feb. Alipass akipata haka katoto kadogo. Dad naye akatuacha akaenda

 

Becoming a Mother Too Soon

She explains that she had no choice but to step up and become the parent in the house. She raised her youngest brother from the day he was born, and to this day he calls her mum, not knowing she is actually his big sister. That detail alone shows how much responsibility she carried at such a young age. She became the provider, the protector, the caregiver, and the emotional support for her siblings while she was still trying to understand life herself. With little help from relatives, Elizabeth had to find ways to survive, balancing school when she could, doing small jobs and making sure her siblings were fed, safe and loved.

The journey was not easy. She faced financial struggles, emotional exhaustion, and the pressure of trying to stay strong even when she felt overwhelmed. There were moments when she doubted herself and wondered if she was doing enough. Still, her story is not about defeat. It is about endurance. Elizabeth talks about finding strength through faith, support from the people around her, and the determination to keep her family together no matter how hard things became.

Over the years, she made sure her siblings stayed in school, had food on the table, and grew up feeling loved despite everything they had lost. What could have been a completely broken home became a family held together by her sacrifice and commitment.

Many viewers reacted emotionally, saying the story moved them to tears. Some described firstborn daughters as second mothers, while others said her life shows the kind of courage people rarely see but should never forget.

 

Click here to read our March issue 2026

Continue Reading

Cover Story

Endometriosis and sex: How to make intimacy pain-free

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There is no doubt that endometriosis can affect a woman’s way of life. The condition slews a couple of conditions, painful sex being one of them. Penetration pulls and pushes any tissue growth behind the vagina and lower uterus.

Although symptoms may differ from woman to woman, here are some things you can do to lessen your pain and ensure you have some good time:

Take a dose of painkillers

Take an over the counter painkiller that sits well with your body before intercourse and incase pain persists, take another one as prescribed.

Track your cycle and try at certain times of the month

Most women with endometriosis experience excruciating pain during their period and ovulation. Keep track of your cycle so that you can know when you are ovulating. You can use apps like my calendar and flo period tracker to track your periods. This will help you know when best to engage in sexual intercourse.

READ ALSO: Crucial Facts About Endometriosis Everyone Should Know About

Use lube

Vaginal dryness is not something to be ashamed of and if you happen to have it, lube should be your best buddy. Make sure to use any silicon or water based lubricant anytime you feel like your vagina is dry. Ensure the application is of good amount to achieve a wet area.

Explore alternatives

Talk with your partner about things that turn you on and bring you pleasure. Just to mention a few; mutual masturbation, foreplay, kissing and mutual fondling. Sex does not have to mean intercourse.

Try different positions

Experimenting different positions can teach you and your partner which ones hurt and the ones that bring direct pleasure with no or less pain. Positions that are considered better vary from person to person so take the time to explore and learn yourself with your partner.

Find the right rhythm

Finding the right rhythm can help you experience less discomfort during sex. Quick thrusting or deep penetration can aggravate pain. Talk to your partner about that which you do not like and find ways that will satisfy the both of you like exchanging positions so that you can control the speed and rhythm.

Bottom line

Intimacy does not have to be boring, painful or make you hate the condition that you have. Talk openly about your feelings around sex and penetration and what would help to ease your concerns.

Our FREE  e-paper March Issue is here!
As we celebrate our women this month, we bring you the best stories and the most inspiring features to get you going.
Click HERE to read!

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