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8 facts about cancer of the oesophagus

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April is Esophageal Cancer Awareness Month. Oesophageal Cancer is also called the cancer of the gullet and affects the oesophagus. Any growth in this area that is cancerous is what is called cancer of the oesophagus. To help you better understand Oesophageal Cancer, Parents magazine conducted an exclusive interview with Dr Peter Aseyo Sore who gave us the following information.

How prevalent is cancer of the oesophagus in Kenya?

Cancer of the oesophagus is among the top four cancers in Kenya causing death with most cases reported in parts of the Coast, Lake region, Mount Kenya, Central Kenya, and around Kericho.

What are the signs and symptoms of cancer of the oesophagus?

Difficulty in swallowing solid foods like ugali and bread. The difficulty is progressive since it starts with solid food and then goes to liquids and saliva.

What are the stages of cancer of the oesophagus?

You need a CT scan to be able to talk about stages but clinically, there are four stages. In stage one, the virus is just confined to a small area in the oesophagus, stage one and two is described as the early disease and one can do something. Stage three is a grey area but in stage four is obvious the disease has spread to most parts of the body.

What are the risk factors?

The real cause of cancer of the oesophagus is not yet known. However, some of the risk factors include:

Cigarette smoking in tobacco use.The lack of protective minerals in the foods we eat can also cause cancer of the oesophagus.Poverty is also a risk factor because the majority of people suffering from cancer of the oesophagus are poor and diagnosis is expensive.

SEE ALSO: One woman’s quest to change the cancer narrative

Is a cancer of the oesophagus treatable?

Cancer of the oesophagus is treatable. Unfortunately, the biggest problem we have is diagnosis because most people in Kenya do not know that difficulties in swallowing could point to cancer of the oesophagus.

During diagnosis, the first test is endoscopy. An endoscopy procedure involves inserting a long, flexible tube (endoscope) down the throat and into the oesophagus. A tiny camera on the end of the endoscope lets the doctor examine the oesophagus, stomach, and the beginning of the small intestine (duodenum).

If a tumour is found during the endoscopy, a CT scan is done to find out whether it has spread. That will determine whether it is early-stage cancer or late-stage cancer.

What are the treatment options?

When it is early-stage cancer, the best treatment is surgery but when it is late-stage, that is when we talk of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In cases where the cancer has extremely spread, the patient is offered palliative care. This care is meant to improve the quality of life of the patient and addresses the person as a whole rather than their disease

What measures can people take to prevent themselves from cancer of the oesophagus?

Stop tobacco use, it is a big problem.Avoid smoked fish, and roasted meat, and reuse cooking oil to deep fry foods. It is not good to recycle oil.Eat foods that are protective like vegetables, fruits, and boiled meat most of the time if you can.

What can be done to reduce cases of Oesophageal Cancer in Kenya?

We need awareness so that we can have a situation where we tell people when they have difficulties in swallowing, and get to the hospital because the first test is endoscopy.

We never used to have this endoscopy available in all provincial hospitals but in the last few years we now have expertise in almost all these hospitals to do this test which takes about 10 minutes and you know what somebody is suffering from.

Each endoscopy is charged about Ksh 5,000 in a public hospital and Ksh 30, 000 in a private hospital.

Early diagnosis is still missing since most people visit hospitals when they are in stages 3 and 4. Kenyatta National Hospital, Tenwech hospital, Moi Teaching, Referral Hospital, Kisumu, and Coast General Hospital are some of the hospitals that have expertise.

One Brave Man’s Victory Over Cancer – Parents Magazine
Baba Marline singlehandedly walked with his daughter through Cancer after she was diagnosed with the disease at the age of five to the time she was declared …

Dr Sore is a consultant Cardiothorasic surgeon based in Mombasa county

 

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Cover Story

Elizabeth Nzisa: The Firstborn Who Became a Mother Overnight

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While most teenagers spend their days focused on school, friendships, and dreams for the future, Elizabeth Nzisa, fondly known as Shiku, was forced to grow up much faster than she ever imagined. At only 17 years old, she found herself taking on the role of a mother to her three younger siblings after her family was hit by tragedy not once, but twice.

Her story, shared in an emotional interview, is a powerful reflection of strength, sacrifice and the deep bond between siblings. Elizabeth recalls the moment her life changed completely. Her mother died while giving birth to their youngest sibling, a baby boy. In the middle of that painful loss, their father walked away from the family, leaving Elizabeth alone with a newborn and two other young children to care for.

Mama yetu alipass 2024, Feb. Alipass akipata haka katoto kadogo. Dad naye akatuacha akaenda

 

Becoming a Mother Too Soon

She explains that she had no choice but to step up and become the parent in the house. She raised her youngest brother from the day he was born, and to this day he calls her mum, not knowing she is actually his big sister. That detail alone shows how much responsibility she carried at such a young age. She became the provider, the protector, the caregiver, and the emotional support for her siblings while she was still trying to understand life herself. With little help from relatives, Elizabeth had to find ways to survive, balancing school when she could, doing small jobs and making sure her siblings were fed, safe and loved.

The journey was not easy. She faced financial struggles, emotional exhaustion, and the pressure of trying to stay strong even when she felt overwhelmed. There were moments when she doubted herself and wondered if she was doing enough. Still, her story is not about defeat. It is about endurance. Elizabeth talks about finding strength through faith, support from the people around her, and the determination to keep her family together no matter how hard things became.

Over the years, she made sure her siblings stayed in school, had food on the table, and grew up feeling loved despite everything they had lost. What could have been a completely broken home became a family held together by her sacrifice and commitment.

Many viewers reacted emotionally, saying the story moved them to tears. Some described firstborn daughters as second mothers, while others said her life shows the kind of courage people rarely see but should never forget.

 

Click here to read our March issue 2026

Continue Reading

Cover Story

Elizabeth Nzisa: The Firstborn Who Became a Mother Overnight

Published

on

While most teenagers spend their days focused on school, friendships, and dreams for the future, Elizabeth Nzisa, fondly known as Shiku, was forced to grow up much faster than she ever imagined. At only 17 years old, she found herself taking on the role of a mother to her three younger siblings after her family was hit by tragedy not once, but twice.

Her story, shared in an emotional interview, is a powerful reflection of strength, sacrifice and the deep bond between siblings. Elizabeth recalls the moment her life changed completely. Her mother died while giving birth to their youngest sibling, a baby boy. In the middle of that painful loss, their father walked away from the family, leaving Elizabeth alone with a newborn and two other young children to care for.

Mama yetu alipass 2024, Feb. Alipass akipata haka katoto kadogo. Dad naye akatuacha akaenda

 

Becoming a Mother Too Soon

She explains that she had no choice but to step up and become the parent in the house. She raised her youngest brother from the day he was born, and to this day he calls her mum, not knowing she is actually his big sister. That detail alone shows how much responsibility she carried at such a young age. She became the provider, the protector, the caregiver, and the emotional support for her siblings while she was still trying to understand life herself. With little help from relatives, Elizabeth had to find ways to survive, balancing school when she could, doing small jobs and making sure her siblings were fed, safe and loved.

The journey was not easy. She faced financial struggles, emotional exhaustion, and the pressure of trying to stay strong even when she felt overwhelmed. There were moments when she doubted herself and wondered if she was doing enough. Still, her story is not about defeat. It is about endurance. Elizabeth talks about finding strength through faith, support from the people around her, and the determination to keep her family together no matter how hard things became.

Over the years, she made sure her siblings stayed in school, had food on the table, and grew up feeling loved despite everything they had lost. What could have been a completely broken home became a family held together by her sacrifice and commitment.

Many viewers reacted emotionally, saying the story moved them to tears. Some described firstborn daughters as second mothers, while others said her life shows the kind of courage people rarely see but should never forget.

 

Click here to read our March issue 2026

Continue Reading

Cover Story

Endometriosis and sex: How to make intimacy pain-free

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There is no doubt that endometriosis can affect a woman’s way of life. The condition slews a couple of conditions, painful sex being one of them. Penetration pulls and pushes any tissue growth behind the vagina and lower uterus.

Although symptoms may differ from woman to woman, here are some things you can do to lessen your pain and ensure you have some good time:

Take a dose of painkillers

Take an over the counter painkiller that sits well with your body before intercourse and incase pain persists, take another one as prescribed.

Track your cycle and try at certain times of the month

Most women with endometriosis experience excruciating pain during their period and ovulation. Keep track of your cycle so that you can know when you are ovulating. You can use apps like my calendar and flo period tracker to track your periods. This will help you know when best to engage in sexual intercourse.

READ ALSO: Crucial Facts About Endometriosis Everyone Should Know About

Use lube

Vaginal dryness is not something to be ashamed of and if you happen to have it, lube should be your best buddy. Make sure to use any silicon or water based lubricant anytime you feel like your vagina is dry. Ensure the application is of good amount to achieve a wet area.

Explore alternatives

Talk with your partner about things that turn you on and bring you pleasure. Just to mention a few; mutual masturbation, foreplay, kissing and mutual fondling. Sex does not have to mean intercourse.

Try different positions

Experimenting different positions can teach you and your partner which ones hurt and the ones that bring direct pleasure with no or less pain. Positions that are considered better vary from person to person so take the time to explore and learn yourself with your partner.

Find the right rhythm

Finding the right rhythm can help you experience less discomfort during sex. Quick thrusting or deep penetration can aggravate pain. Talk to your partner about that which you do not like and find ways that will satisfy the both of you like exchanging positions so that you can control the speed and rhythm.

Bottom line

Intimacy does not have to be boring, painful or make you hate the condition that you have. Talk openly about your feelings around sex and penetration and what would help to ease your concerns.

Our FREE  e-paper March Issue is here!
As we celebrate our women this month, we bring you the best stories and the most inspiring features to get you going.
Click HERE to read!

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